Chemistry of Esters
Basic structure: Examples of esters IUPAC name R R′ octyl ethanoate CH3 CH3(CH2)6CH2 propyl ethanoate CH3 CH3CH2 CH2 2‑methylpropyl
Chemistry of Amides
These are compounds in which an amino (NH2) group and a carboxyl group are attached to the same
Immunity
Immunity is the protection against diseases provided by the body‘s immune or defence system. There are two parts
Cells of the Immune system
Originate from the stem cells in the bone marrow Stem cells retain the ability to divide by mitosis
Active and passive immunity
Active immunity result of infection/naturally/artificially/vaccination body manufactures its own antibodies stimulated by memory cells most effective/rapid response (second
Immunity – Allergies
Allergy means ‗altered reaction‘ – it is the inappropriate and harmful response of the body‘s defence mechanisms to
Chemotherapy and antibiotics
the term antibiotic strictly refers to substances that are of biological origin whereas the term chemotherapeutic agent refers
Infectious diseases – AIDS
ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) caused by HIV; the virus infects and destroys cells of the body‘s immune system
Infectious diseases – tuberculosis
Causes of TB TB is caused by two bacteria; Mycobacteria tuberculosis and Mycobacteria bovis. Tuberculosis is ultimately caused