Chemical energetics
Exothermic reactions reactions which gives out energy the surroundings gain energy bonds are formed between reactants Reactants →
Pollution
Main pollutants Carbon monoxides from unburnt hydrocarbons, exhaust fumes sulphur dioxide from fossil fuels Oxides of nitrogen from
Water purification
Uses of water domestic: drinking, cooking, washing, farming etc. industry: irrigation, cleaning &purification, as solvent, dyeing, bleaching process,
Proteins
Proteins are large molecules made of long chains of amino acids Amino acids All proteins have the
Enzymes
Enzymes are globular proteins that serve as biological catalysts. They speed up or slow down metabolic reaction, but
Water
The molecule consists of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms. the oxygen atom is capable
Lipids
is a variable group contains C, H ,O atoms high ratio of H:O than carbohydrates insoluble in water
Carbohydrates
sugar polymers made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. They have the general chemical formula of Cx(H2O)y
Cell Membrane and Transport
Fluid Mosaic Membranes Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane The fluid-mosaic model describes the plasma membrane